Živ?Živ! Raziskovanje in preprečevanje samomora / Alive? Alive! Research and prevention of suicide

Program Živ?Živ! predstavlja celovit pristop k preprečevanju
samomora kot enega izmed največjih družbenih in javno-zdravstvenih problemov v
Sloveniji ter ponuja inovativne načine raziskovanja samomorilnega vedenja.
Glavni cilji projekta so zmanjševanje samomorilnega količnika, prispevanje k
mutidisciplinarnemu in večnivojskemu preprečevanju samomora ter vnašanje široke
palete raziskovalnih metod na področje suicidologije za boljše razumevanje in
razlago samomorilnega vedenja.

 Uresničevanje zastavljenih ciljev temelji na
spektru dejavnosti na področju duševnega zdravja in preprečevanja samomorilnega
vedenja. (1) V okviru promocije duševnega zdravja delo vključuje medijske
kampanje za splošno javnost ter implementacijo smernic za odgovorno novinarsko
poročanje o samomoru. (2) Preventivne dejavnosti so razdeljene na dejavnosti
univerzalne preventive (uvedba na informacijskih tehnologijah temelječih
preventivnih aplikacij, omejevanje dostopa do sredstev za samomor), selektivne
preventive (opolnomočenje ranljivih skupin, npr. mladostniki, starostniki) ter indicirane
preventive (preventivno delo za prepoznavanje samomorilno ogroženih
posameznikov, npr. izobraževanje t.i. vratarjev sistema). V okviru (3)
obravnave/zdravljenja in (4) vzdrževanja stanja se v okviru programa implementira
e-podporne rešitve za posameznike v stiski, postvencijske dejavnosti za bližnje
po samomoru ter program MBCT (na čuječnosti temelječe kognitivne terapije) za
odrasle s povečanim tveganjem za slabše duševno zdravje. V program so vključene
različne skupine ljudi s specifičnimi potrebami (splošna javnost, posebne
ranljive skupine prebivalcev, ljudje v duševni stiski, itd.). Z namenom
zagotavljanja visoke ravni kvalitete znanstvenih zaključkov pri svojem delu
uporabljamo kombinacijo različnih najnovejših raziskovalnih metod (spekter kvantitativnih
in kvalitativnih raziskovalnih metod).

 Program
je zapolnil veliko potrebo po celovitejši in dolgoročnejši uporabi večnivojskih
intervencij za preprečevanje samomora pri nas. Hkrati pa ponuja priložnost za
razvoj inovativnih programov in raziskovalnih metod, ki so v suicidologiji
aktualne in potrebne, ter opazovanje učinkov uvedbe takšnega programa v
nacionalni prostor. Z izvedbo programa imamo torej možnost prispevati tako k
razvoju znanosti (suicidologije), raziskovanja in preventive samomorilnega
vedenja pri nas kot tudi k družbeno-ekonomskemu razvoju Slovenije.

ANG

The programme Alive?Alive! [English speakers
only: Slovene name Živ?Živ! has a positive connotation by resembling a bird
chirp; Alive?Alive! is a literal translation of it] is a comprehensive approach
including both the prevention of suicide and the innovative ways of researching
suicidal behaviour, both important aspects as suicide is one the biggest
societal and public health problem in Slovenia. The main goals of the programme
are reducing suicide rates in Slovenia, contributing to multi-disciplinary and
multi-level suicide prevention and to bring a wide range of research methods
into suicidology in order to better understand and explain suicidal behaviour.

 Implementation of these goals is based on a
spectre of interventions in the field of mental health and suicide prevention.
(1) Our work in the framework of mental health promotion includes media
campaigns for general public and implementation of guidelines for responsible
media reporting on suicide. (2) Prevention activities include activities of
universal prevention (implementation of information technology based prevention
applications, restricting access to the means of suicide), selective prevention
(empowering vulnerable groups, e.g. adolescents, elderly) and indicated
prevention (prevention work for recognizing individuals that are at high risk
for committing suicide, e.g. educating gatekeepers). In the framework of (3)
treatment and (4) maintenance of care we implement e-supportive solutions for
individuals in distress, postvention activities for suicide survivors and MBCT
(Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy) programme for adults at risk. Therefore,
a wide variety of groups of people with specific needs is included in the
programme (general public, vulnerable groups of individuals, people in mental
distress, etc.). With the purpose of ensuring high-quality of scientific results
we use the combination of the innovative research methods (spectre of different
quantitative and qualitative research methods).

 The
programme addresses a great need for more comprehensive and long-term use of
multi-level interventions for suicide prevention in our region. At the same
time it enables an opportunity for developing innovative programs and research
methods, which are needed in suicidology, and observing the impact of
implementing this kind of programme in Slovenia. We therefore have an
opportunity to contribute to the development of science (suicidology), research
and prevention of suicidal behaviour in our region and also to the
socio-economic development of Slovenia.